San bernardine

He is, without place to doubt, one of the known races more anywhere in the world not as much by his diffusion as by his qualities, that have turned it almost a legendary dog. Exactly for this reason, in some European countries they call ?santo simply?. It is the giant of cinofilia by his associated likeable image to the barrel of licor, as much in his varieties of short hair like of long hair. He lends himself to diverse uses but he needs ample spaces. He resists the most rigid climates perfectly but he supports bad to live in the city.
The hypotheses on the origins of San Bernardo are multiple and even some cradles in the legend that for centuries has been accompanying this race. More acceptable and documented it seems to be maintained by investigators Keller, Kraemer and Hein (known by the studies that carried out in this respect), according to which San Bernardo would be a direct descendant of the asirio-babylonian Moloso used by the Romans during the invasions of the North of Europe. Later they were the monks of Saint Bernard who gathered to some of these dogs that, by their force and resistance, were used like guards of the monastery. But it was not that its only function since at the same time they fulfilled the task of aiding the travellers who, crossing the alpine ports, were frequently victims of avalanches and avalanches: this dog, equipped with an excellent sense of smell and the great sensitivity, managed to establish the presence of people, even buried to several meters under the snow. Numerous they are the historical testimonies of the race: some asirios bas-relief reproduce a very similar dog; but still more interesting they are two drawings of 1600, conserved in the monastery, that represent two exactly equal dogs of short hair which at the moment they are seen. Originally, the Dogs of San Bernardo had the short hair since the other variety arises in relatively recent times as a result of crossover with the Dog of Newfoundland. In the monastery of Great San Bernardo, the monks only raise dogs of short hair on whose layer the snow slips better, avoiding in this way, the icing-up that would represent a greater load for the animal. If the Swiss have been during centuries the jealous guards of this race, the merit of its diffusion must, nevertheless, to English that they possibly were first in presenting/displaying some units in the very important canine exhibitions of his country, doing knowing it this way the great public. From that moment, the diffusion of San Bernardo was very fast and today it grows up in America and all the European countries like for example in Italy, where it prevailed many years ago with a remarkable increase after World War II.

The official standard of the race says very textually in the beginning: ?Powerful Figure, of height provided, and hard muscular in each one of its parts, with powerful head and very intelligent expression?. In these few words everything is condensed what must have a Dog of San Bernardo. He is one of the giants of cinofilia; the raised one to the minimum cross for the males does not have to be inferior to the 70 cm, although generally this measurement is surpassed and sometimes very widely: many dogs have seen themselves that arrived and surpassed the 90 cm., maintaining inalterable the harmony of the set established by the standard. Also with respect to the weight, San Bernardo surpasses to all: there are units that arrive 110 kg without seeming even though too gawky nor heavy. For this race, indeed by the function that must develop, it is truely important that they are respected, in addition to the typical characteristics, the relations size-volume-I weigh, accompanied by very robust bones and musculatura by great development. Entering more detail, the head must be imposing, with massive skull, axes skull-facia convergent them, square snout, wide and powerful jaw, developed lip, trufa (nose) with open nasal graves good. The ears, quite high insertion and with a pavilion very developed, hang without you fold on the head. The eyes so large medium, of dark brown color, are located frontally and have an expression that denotes loyalty and intelligence. All the set is accompanied by a drawing by you fold them that it is demonstrated still more when the dog is kind.
The neck robust with a great one is papada; the shoulders are wide and oblique, the thorax very bent and the trunk is longer than the raised one to the cross, that must be very prominent. The superior line is solid and ?rampante?, the extremities are well vertical with powerful and very muscular, the long and heavy tail, hanging bones, with one slight curvature the inferior part. These characteristics are valid for both varieties, the only difference is in the length of the hair since also the colors are equal.

Raised to the cross. The absolute minimum is of 70 cm., for the males and of 65 cm. for the thinner females that are something.

Head. Very imposing and robust. Wide, black Trufa, with nasal graves very opened. Straight nasal cane. Quite wide crack and pronouncing but nondeep, from stop to all the nasal cane. The superior lips are superposed the inferior ones forming an arc. Short snout with perpendicular section superior to the own length of that. Complete, robust and provided set of teeth to the structure of the head. Noticeable recess affluent naso-frontal, something lofty. Massive and wide skull, a little convex.

Eyes. Located a little ahead, of medium size and dark brown color. The inferior eyelids form folds inside the eye.

Ears. Of medium size, of high insertion, they fall laterally adhered at the top.

Neck. Of high insertion, very robust, raised when the dog is kind, otherwise, it takes it horizontally. Not excessively developed Papada very marked but.

Previous extremities. Wide and oblique, very muscular and powerful shoulders. Very muscular arm and forearm, rectums and.

Body. Thorax very cleared and slightly fallen that does not transfer the elbows. Cross very marked. Very wide and perfectly straight back until Ios backs, where the dorsal line begins to descend smoothly, conjugating itself with the one of grupa. Belly slightly fallen that separates net of the renal region.

Later extremities. Very muscular thighs. Corvejones moderately angulados.

Feet. Wide, little closed.

Coat. Two varieties are distinguished: of short hair and long hair. In first, much more spread, the hair very is tightened adherent and smooth, longer in the base of the tail. White color with extensive stains red.

FEEDING. The daily necessities in Kcal are of 3,000 like ration of maintenance. In exceptional conditions, of work as as much environmental, the power necessities rise considerably until surpassing in and twice average the values above indicated.

DAILY CARES. The daily cepillado one is very important not only for the units with long hair but also for those of short hair.

DISEASES. San Bernardo, like other molosos dogs with very deep a torácica conformation and of great size, can be exposed to the gastric torsion. The cause of this displacement that takes to the death almost inevitably, must look for in an abundant food which it follows the movement that determines the axial rotation of the stomach. In effect, the stomach experiences a turn of 90º to 180º degrees so that the esophagus and píloro are closed with the consequent expansion of the stomach, by fermentation phenomena. The only therapy with some possibility of success if it is made quickly, is the surgical one. The third eyelid, presents/displays in the molosos, incomplete liabilities and a greater exhibition to the external agents by the loose configuration of the inferior eyelids and therefore, appears constantly blushed. The therapy, cradle in the clearing, is made with medicines.

WITH THE VETERINARIAN. The cut of spurs constitutes a small intervention that is advisable to make to the few days of the birth

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