Dermatomicosis

The dermatomicosis, more commonly well-known as ?it dyes? (of the Latin tinea, polilla or worm since originally one thought that they were caused by worms or lice).
It is a parasitic disease of produced type indeed by several types of fungi that affect the skin of dogs, cat, other animals and also to the man (who also is a mammalian animal? although he does not sound very well).
The infections by fungi are caused by leavenings or microscopic moulds that live in the skin, the hair, or the nails.

* Microsporum canis (responsible for most of the micosis in cats and 80% of the dogs.)
* Microsporum gypseum (in very few cases)
* Trichophyton mentagrophytes (15% of the cases)
* Candida albicans (To see report)
* Malassezia pachydermatis (To see report)

As all disease two conditions are required to pronounce itself:
1) The individual predisposition (in general, genetic factors that is transmitted of generation in generation, the immunological defenses and environmental factors, that are related to the habitat of the fungi)
2) The contact with the infectious agent who produces the disease.

It most frequently affects to young animals because they have minor immunity, or a lack of previous exhibition. One appears with more warm and humid climate frequency.
The same it happens to the children, therefore the smaller young people of 15 years and the adults with the low immune defenses are prone to infect fungi of the dog or of the cat, it is therefore necessary to avoid the direct bonding of the ill animal with the children until she is cured.

The characteristic injury and but frequents in the dog and in the cat of a micosis by tinea it is a zone of the skin in form of medallón, where the hair has fallen, in general in the region of the head and extremities and which it does not itch. Rarely we found scabs unless we have a secondary bacterial infection, whose injury we called querion to him.
Sometimes, these parasites accompany other diseases by the skin that will be dealt with the specific medication if they got to pronounce itself.
A small number of fungi is able to cause to diseases in the man, in children by it low defenses, general, the man more causes a round red injury with clear center that it pricks much.

Diagnosis:
It is very important to injure to the diagnosis because the causal identification of the species is determining to choose a correct therapy. Due to the development of new medicines it is of extreme importance of being able to distinguish the diverse species.

The Veterinary Doctor can use:
* Lamp of Wood: It is a lamp that has a special light that emphasizes the fluorescence that emits some species, that the identification facilitates, but eye! not to trust! then single 50% of the contaminations with M. canis give positive and also some polen emit fluorescence (that mess)
* Microscopic examination: Observation with the microscopes the forms of reproduction and dissemination of the fungi like the esporas, conidios or to he himself fungus: hifas
* Culture: it is the election diagnosis (more expensive and it delays enough time, minimum one week).

Treatment:
The treatment of a puppy, if it injuries are few and small, is local with topics (specific creams or solutions) and baths.
If the injuries are extensive the treatment it bases on antimicóticos as the griseofulvina (is the election drug) or others like the Ketokonazol, fluconazol, etc.
The daily dose is divided in two takings. The tentative treatment is made not less than 4 weeks up to 8 weeks. Also Shampúes with iodopovidona or clorhexidina can be used or Solution of tiabendazol to 13%.
In general the antimicóticos have several indirect effect undesirable many are hepatotóxicos or can give anorexy, vomits and diarrea, for these reasons is fundamental that the indicated medicines are prescribed by their Veterinary Doctor.

IN SUMMARY: The fungi appear in the animal when this one is with the low defenses that it allows the development of the parasite, and which always is present either in the ground or another healthy animal but that he is carrying without it shows the disease, that is that a puppy always runs the risk of infecting ?fungi? and soon to infect it to the children, therefore is necessary to treat that the puppy has high the immunological defenses and developed most possible according to its age so that is resistant to the dermatomicosis and that it obtains taking a suitable, like for example vaccines to the day, or wormed sanitary plan and or fed, avoiding this way, the manifestation of this disease and other pathologies associated to the low immunological defenses.

Bibliography

 

Authors: MV Adelaida A. Goldman
MV Enrique L. Fernandez De Vanna

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