Scabies

Majorities
Classification
Diagnosis
Useful advice

Majorities
The scabies is more than simple picazón, in medical terms corresponds to the parasitic infestación of the skin by an acarus. The acarus that produces the scabies is microscopic reason why as soon as it can at first be seen, it is a tiny beast of eight legs (relative of the arachnids), this one parasite is known from the time of the Jews in Egypt, when it was sent like one of the ten plagues that tormented the Egyptians, contributing to that to the Pharaoh did not have left more remedy than to seal it its visas of exit. In most of the types of scabies the main symptom they are injuries in the intense skin with picazón.

Classification:
A different scabies exists several types of acarus producing each one of them:

1. Red scabies (Sarcóptica)
2. Gray scabies (Demodéctica)
3. Scabies of the ear (otodéctica)

Sarcóptica scabies
Scabiei is caused by sarcoptes, is specific of the dogs although, possibly, it can affect to the cat and the man. In dogs, the females of the acaruses produce in the skin tunnels to put their eggs, these tunnels, in addition to the deposit of fecal matter, they are those that cause the intense prurito (picazón) that characterizes to this disease.
The skin is inflamed with fall of the hair and favors the appearance of secondary infections that are expressed with scabs, pus and grudges.
The treatment will depend on the type of the infection and of the affected animal, they are of utility the use of injectable or oral ivermectinas (never in Collie), ej is also made by means of baths with liquid acaricidas (. Amitraz), to put in contact to the parasite with the active substance of the product, weekly baths are due to make during, at least, a month and is very important the disinfection of the lodgings of the animals, with piretroides and carbamatos, that have a greater residual effect.
The human parasite Sarcoptes scabiei or acarus has been infecting to the human beings for at least 2,500 years. The dermatologists consider that every year they happen more than 300 million cases of scabies at world-wide level. This disease can affect any person, indifferent of which it is his race, age or personal hygiene. But there are the good news! when having itself perfected methods of detection and treatment, the Sarcóptica scabies (the red one) noncause more than a temporary problem as much to the humans as to our dear mascots.

Demodéctica scabies
This disease is produced by an external parasite called demodex canis that, affects the deep layers of the skin (dermis), in which it lodges and it is fed, is a normal guest of the skin of the dogs but not always it is pronounced, the appearance of this pathology is frequent in puppies of until a year, but it can also appear in adult dogs and the manifestation is generally associate to a reduction of the immunity of the animal, like for example: internal parasites (lombrices), suffering of some infectious disease, undernourishment, stress, etc.
The human being like other types of scabies is not contagious, but he is very rebellious and if is not detected immediately it and manages to extend to all the body, the cure is difficult and can run risk the life of the animal, because in some cases the extension of the injuries in the skin is of such magnitude that arrive at an irreversible and resistant degree to all type of treatment, being in some cases the route of eutanasia to alleviate the suffering of the patient (in very few cases). At this last one, never it is necessary to interrupt the treatment that lasts of 20 to 30 days, with local topicaciones of a specific sheep dip for this type of scabies and weekly applications of an injection or by oral route of a medicine that it eliminates the acarus by sanguineous route having encouraging results more of the times, as long as the treatment is not interrupted and the controls of routine of the evolution of the disease are made, because if has improved the injuries do not mean that the animal is cured.
In order to diminish the risk of which the dog contracts this disease, it is necessary to try to worm and to vaccinate when it corresponds and to avoid situations to him of stress since that measurement will elevate the defenses of the animal, diminishing the risk of appearance of this disease.

Otica scabies
Dogs and cats can undergo infestación by the auricular acaruses (Otodectes cynotes).

Otodectes cynotis seen the optical microscope. 100x. (Gentility Dra. G. PerezTort) www.aamefe.org.ar

These parasites cause serious irritation of the auditory conduit, where remainders of grudges, scabs and earwax are accumulated. Frequently it appears bacterial secondary infection next to the infestación of the acarus.
The treatment will always have to be directed by the Veterinary Doctor, so that he is effective the drug that is introduced in the ear must make contact with enemy with the acaruses. For that reason, first it is necessary to make a complete and delicate cleaning of the auditory channel with antiseptic solutions, by the care of the maneuver and to avoid greater damages in the ear ecomienda that makes a professional.

Diagnosis
For his diagnosis the veterinarian can only resort to a visual examination or use a painless test that he implies to apply a drop of oil on the suspicious injury. Soon the site with a bistoury is scraped and the sample of the skin (biopsy of the skin) to the portaobjetos of glass of a microscope for its analysis is transferred. If are acaruses of scabies or their eggs, then the diagnosis is definitive.

Useful advice:

* He recommends himself that the treatment is carried out and recommended by a Veterinary professional
* The preventive treatment of all the canine ones is recommended which they coexist with infecting, to prevent the reinfección.
* The clothes, blankets and cucha of the dog and/or ill cat will have to wash with water and soap or detergent and soon to there be dew with amitraz (to consult with the veterinarian).
* In order to avoid the secondary infection of the skin, he will be preferable to use antiseptic soaps or shampoo medicado like for example, those formulated with Chloride of Benzalconio.
* Case that happens cutaneous infection, its veterinarian or will be able to prescribe antibiotics by oral or topical route.
* It does not use steroids either and creams that have not prescribed to him.
* The treatment more of the times does not repeat than they indicate to him nor uses the preparations to greater concentration (the products badly used can produce toxicity)
* It does not try to cure the scabies with homemade remedies, the application of querosén or the oil only burned makes worse the things and will produce greater injuries!

Bibliography

Authors:	MV Enrique L. Fernandez De Vanna
	MV Adelaida A. Goldman