Ascaridiasis

It is a cosmopolitan disease (distributed everywhere). Particularly it is pronounced in the puppies and in the dogs when younger age, must to two nematodes (parasitic): Toxocara canis and leonina Toxoascaris, to which áscaris of the cat can be added, Toxocara cati. These live in the adult phase in the thin intestine of the dog, and have a length undertaken between the 4 and 18 cm., first, and of 2 to 10 cm, the seconds.

Biological cycle of the Toxocara canis.

The present males and females in the intestine of the dog measure of 5 to 18 cm. The females put the eggs, that are eliminated with lees. These external atmosphere eggs mature, transforming itself into infestantes larvae.
These, if the dog and other canine selváticos are ingested by, are freed of their envelope and happen of the intestine, liver, lung, trachea, esophagus, stomach and, finally, to the intestine, where, through some transformations, it is arrived at the formation of adult worms, sexually mature. This is carried out, normally, in very young dogs.

The migration, denominated somatic, is determined by the location of latent larvae of áscaris in diverse organs of the dog like muscles, liver, kidney, brain. This circumstance occurs most frequently in the adult dogs.
This is very important to explain how in the dogs somatic the larval location can to infest, before the birth, to the fetus in the uterus. It exists, indeed, by hormonal stimuli, a passage of larvae of the dog to the fetus.
After the birth of the puppy, the larva that had been located in the liver during the fetal life evolves, happening to the lung, trachea, stomach, later to give origin to the adult worm in the intestine of the puppy.
One third possibility of I infect is determined by the ingestion, on the part of the puppy, of larvae with milk. This must to the fact that the dog can become infested by oral route during the gestation or in the phase of the childbirth.

The embrionados egg ingestion can affect not only to the dog and other canine ones, but also to the nonhabitual guests, like mice, rats, coberries, rabbits, chickens, pigs, ewes, goats, cows and, even, the man.
The own animals (including the man) can ingest meats or vísceras of nonhabitual guests, containing sleepy larvae.
In the most prone case of the man they are the children of 2 to 5 years that ingest land of sandboxes that share with the dogs, generally in very populated cities, where shortage of green spaces exists, where can ingest eggs larvados, also when they are licked by infested dogs or to touch to a dog near the anus where it can have eggs, of all ways the egg of áscaris needs a time maturation in the ground (for that reason it is necessary to have well-taken care of with the Earth or the sandboxes).
The larvae, freed of embrionados eggs, make somatic a whole-hepato-pulmonary migration, with the distribution in diverse organs and apparatuses (liver, lungs, musculatura, kidneys) calls visceral larva migrans and when migrans affects to the eye ocular larva (it burdens in the children because it can produce a severe pathology in the ocular globe).

Recommendations to avoid I infect by eggs of áscaris in children and adults:

• To worm to the puppies to the 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 days of the birth and soon to repeat every 4 months.
• To worm to the dog at the moment of the fervor before the service with the male.
• To make analysis of fecal matter in periodic form.
• To walk to the dog with necklace and strap, so that it does not wander.
• To wash the vegetables very well that are ingested crude.
• To avoid that the children take to earth or sand to the mouth.
• To wash the hands well after touching the dog.
• To avoid that the children are licked in the mouth by the dog.
• To avoid that the dogs ingest rodents, birds or crude meat of wild animals.
• Rigorous of hygiene and taken care of measures.

Considering these suggestions and a little taken care of the possibility of infestación on the part of larvae of áscaris he is practically very low, and as much adult as young they will be able to enjoy his mascot without no risk.

Bibliography

Author: MV Enrique L. Fernandez De Vanna

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